It has long been known that unilateral eyestalk ablation is not necessary and that natural insemination and fecundity can be obtained with diet and photoperiod control.

It’s not anecdotal but just that researchers are always playing catch up to industry knowledge and thus giving sustenance to existing practices.

Fertilization and spawning rates are initially lower but resultant generations adapt well.

To get comparable volume production a doubling of females is an obvious initial option in a maturation tank.

Other system (vannamei in SE Asia) keep males and females seperate – with ripe females put in to all male tanks to fertilise them – then removed to spawning tanks.

Lots of thing out there that have already been done – with many hatchery production teams not having the luxury, time or inclination to go academic. The ownership and development is in the industry production number.

Work already done that is now being validated and published by others.